If you have been a smoker, your risk level is tied to the number of years you smoked. There is a strong link between renal pelvis and ureteral cancers and tobacco use.
AgeĪs with bladder cancer, upper tract cancer occurs most often in people older than age 70. Like bladder cancer, upper urinary tract cancer is less common in African-Americans than whites, but it is more deadly. RaceĮxperts are trying to understand the role of race in upper tract cancers. But women have a 50% greater chance of dying of this cancer. Upper urinary tract cancer is diagnosed in men 2 times more than in women. To understand cancer of the ureter and renal pelvis, it helps to know how these organs normally work. When urine has a high percent of harmful chemicals, cancer may also grow in the kidney or ureters. Its cells are exposed to harmful substances for a longer time. These chemicals can cause cells to change and grow out of control as cancer.īecause the bladder stores urine, it may be at greater risk for cancer than other parts of the upper tract. Because it is in direct contact with the urine, this lining is exposed to chemicals ( carcinogens) filtered out of the blood by the kidneys. The urothelium is special in the way that it swells and shrinks to push urine through the urinary tract. Because many of the organs in the urinary system share common cells, cancers found in these organs often look and act alike. This is the most common type of cancer found in the bladder, as well. Cancer that starts in the urothelium is called urothelial (or transitional cell) cancer.
Tumors of the renal calyces, renal pelvis and ureters start in the layer of tissue that lines the bladder and the upper urinary tract, called the urothelium. Cancer in the ureters makes up about a quarter of all upper urinary tract cancers. The most common of all upper urinary tract cancers are those found in the renal pelvis and renal calyces. Cancers of the upper urinary tract are relatively rare.
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